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WHO歷史性列腎病為全球優先慢性病 腎友聯促政府推動每年一檢的腎功能監測 守護市民的腎臟健康

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香港 – Media OutReach Newswire – 2025年8月19日 – 世界衛生組織(WHO)於第78屆世界衛生大會正式通過歷來首項腎臟健康決議[1],將慢性腎病列為全球優先關注的重大非傳染性疾病(NCD),與糖尿病、高血壓等疾病並列。本地腎病病友組織腎友聯歡迎此舉,認為是推動全球關注腎臟健康的重要里程碑,並促請本港政府參考決議內容,推動腎臟健康的相關政策,包括加強社區教育、早期篩查、達至高危患者最少每年一檢的目標、積極治療以及社區教育,及早防患未然。

慢性腎病致殘致死率居慢病之首

慢性腎病是致殘率和死亡率增長最快的慢性疾病[2]!全球約有6.74億人患有慢性腎臟病,佔全球人口約9%[3],[4];香港大學醫學院於2021年估計約10%香港人患有慢性腎功能衰退[5];而根據醫院管理局的數據顯示,現時本港有10, 000多名末期腎衰竭患者[6]需要接受透析治療或已接受腎臟移植,反映市民的腎臟健康問題不容忽視。

腎臟受損雖然無聲無息但其實有迹可尋,全球約30%-50%的末期腎病是由糖尿病腎病導致[7],本港約50%末期腎衰竭新症是糖尿病患者,而每6位糖尿病患者有1位出現腎功能急劇下降[8]。持續的高血壓和高血糖可嚴重削弱腎功能[9],進一步加重心臟及腎臟的負擔[10]。

調查揭愈年輕愈易低估腎風險

根據腎友聯於2021年為1,709名市民進行早期腎病檢測,發現有19%市民驗出有蛋白尿;當中56%認為自己健康狀況良好;在18-45歲群組中,有29%驗出有蛋白尿,當中85%認為自己健康狀況良好。結果反映市民忽略慢性腎病風險,而且愈年輕愈容易低估風險。

所以特別呼籲患有三高、心血管疾病、年過40歲、肥胖或有腎病家族病史的人士,應每年定期進行驗血糖、蛋白尿及血壓;而患有糖尿病及高血壓的人士,應每年至少進行一次尿白蛋白肌酐比值(UACR)和血清肌酐檢測,及早期篩查避免錯失最佳治療時機。

建議政府推動制度化腎功能監測 實踐有效持續追蹤

目前政府正就《施政報告》進行諮詢,腎友聯促請政府將慢性腎臟病管理納入現行《基層醫療健康藍圖》,並將腎功能檢查列為公營醫療系統的重要常規跟進項目,著重不僅達致每年檢查一次的指標,更需建立一套有效並持續的腎功能監測機制,確保高血壓及糖尿病等高危患者得到全程追蹤和主動管理。

在檢查內容方面,特別強調尿白蛋白與肌酐比值(uACR)及腎小球過濾率(eGFR)均屬監測腎功能的關鍵指標,需定期聯合檢查和及時評估,透過持續監測,及早識別腎功能異常,及時作出跟進或治療安排,以防患者因發現不及時而確診時已屆晚期,錯失最佳治療時機。

同時,建議由政府牽頭,推動地區康健中心、家庭醫生及社區藥房在地區層面主動監察高血壓及糖尿病患者的腎臟健康,例如資助患者在基層醫療進行免費的尿白蛋白與肌酐指數等檢查,以及地區康健中心主動提醒高危患者需每年進行最少一次的腎功能測試。達至多方位的公私營系統合作,全面追蹤高危群組的腎臟情況,及早識別腎功能衰退患者,延緩病情惡化至洗腎及換腎階段,減輕患者負擔,同時紓緩醫療系統壓力。


[1] Seventy-eighth World Health Assembly, Seventy-eighth World Health Assembly – Daily update: 23 May 2025Assembly approves first-ever resolution on kidney health. 2025-05-23. https://www.who.int/news/item/23-05-2025-seventy-eighth-world-health-assembly—daily-update–23-may-2025. [檢索日期2025-05-24]

[2] 本刊編輯部.遠離腎臟疾病早防早治是關鍵[J].健康嚮導,2022,28(02):15.

[3] 世界衛生組織. Reducing the burden of noncommunicable diseases through promotion of kidney health and strengthening prevention and control of kidney disease[S]. 日內瓦: WHO, 2025-2-03.

[4] Kovesdy CP. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022. Kidney International Supplements. 2022 Apr 1; 12(1):7-11.

[5] 遠離慢性腎病 少鹽低糖勤運動 https://www.med.hku.hk/zh-hk/media/knowledge-exchange/newspaper-columns/2021/may/low-salt-and-low-sugar-in-food-consumption-can-reduce-risks-of-chronic-kidney-disease

[6] 醫管局智友站 – 慢性腎衰竭 https://www.smartpatient.ha.org.hk/smart-patient-web/disease-management/disease-information/disease/ChronicRenalFailure

[7] 中華醫學會腎臟病學分會專家組. 糖尿病腎臟疾病臨床診療中國指南[J]. 中華腎臟病雜誌, 2021, 37(3): 255-304.

[8] 中大研究發現每6位糖尿病患者有1位出現腎功能急劇下降 https://www.med.cuhk.edu.hk/tc/press-releases/cuhk-study-reveals-1-in-6-diabetic-patients-project-rapid-renal-function-decline

[9] 趙津. 三高患者警惕繼發性腎病[J].開卷有益-求醫問藥,2018(10):8-9.

[10] 中華醫學會糖尿病學分會. 中國糖尿病防治指南(2024版)[J].中華糖尿病雜誌, 2025, 17(01):16-139.

Hashtag: #腎友聯 #慢性腎病 #年年驗腎

The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

關於腎友聯

腎友聯是全港性的慢性腎臟病病人自助組織聯會,7個團體會員包括醫院管理局轄下11間公立醫院的腎科病人自助組織。本會的服務一向以病人為本,並以關注腎病患者的長遠福祉為目標。近年,本會積極參與社區教育工作,希望藉著不同的活動,加強市民對腎臟健康的關注、以及對器官捐贈的認識。我們互相扶持,積極發揮病人自助互助的精神,攜手見證生命的精彩。

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